Tvl Cctv
Resolution of CCTV cameras
Resolution: This is the quality of definition and clarity of the picture and is defined in discernible TV lines, the more the lines the higher the resolution and the better the picture quality. Resolution is a function of the number of pixels (picture elements) in the CCD chip, in other words, the resolution is directly proportional to the number of pixeld in the CCD sensor. In some data sheets, two types of resolution are defined; vertical and horizontal. Vertical resolution is equal to the number of discernible horizontal lines in the picture and is limited by either the 525 or the 625 line resolution as defined in the NTSC or PAL standards. Horizontal resolution relates to the number of lines reproduced in the picture in the vertical direction, and depends on the banwidth.
The TV industry adopted a viewing format with a width-to-height ratio of 4:3 and specifies horizontal resolution in TV lines per picture height.
Sensitivity: Sensitivity is a measure of how a light level a camera can respond to and still produce a usable or minimum quality picture. It is measured in FtCd or lux for CCD, CMOS and ICCD cameras operating and the visibale and nea-IR wavelength range, and in delta-temp in the mid- and far-IR. One FrCd equals approximately 9.3 lux. The smaller the number (FtCd, lux ) the more sensitive the camera. Typical values for state-of-art cameras are 1. monochrome camera 0.1-0.0001 lux, 2. Color camera (single sensor) FtCd-5 FtCd, 3. thermal IR 0.1
Vertical Resolution
Vertical resolution in the analog scanning system is derived from the 504 effective scanning lines in the 525-line NTSC television system. The camera scanning dissects a vertical line appearing in the scene into 483 separate segments, since each scanning line on the monitor has a discrete width, some of the scene detail between the lines is lost, As a general rule approximately 30% of any scene is lost (called the "Kell factor"). Therefore, the standard 525-line NTSC television system produces 340 vertical TV lines of resolution (483 effective lines x 0.7). In any standard 525-line CCTV system, the maximum achievable vertical resolution is approximately 350 TV lines. In a 525-line system, the maximum achievable vertical resolution is approximatley 408TV lines.
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Ferdinand Joseph
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